Coking retort oven



7 Sheets-Sheet l J. VAN ACKEREN GOKING BIETORTv OVEN Filed July 20, 1928 May 9, 1933.

May 9, 1933. J. VAN ACKEREN COKING RETORT OVEN Filed July 20, 1928 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 M Jose/a 1/0/7 AT RN Iliff/ #nsf- J. VAN ACKEREN COKING RETORT OVEN Filed July 20, 1928 INVENTOR, 6599/21/00 ere/7 A To 22E Y;

May 9, 1933.

May 9, 1933- J. VAN ACKEREN 1,908,576

COKING RETORT OVEN Filed July 20, 1928 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 w-l-I l| ll Il Il I l l f l INVEN TOR, Jams/0b mnckefzen.

May 9, 1933. .1 VAN AcKERl-:N

COKING RETORT OVEN Filed July 20, 1928 'Tsheets-Sheet 5 Coke Ore/7 Gos INVENTOR. ubsgobmmQQ/efe/z B Y vlway 9, 1933. 1 VAN ACKEREN 1,908,576v

COKING RETORT OVEN Filed July 2o, 1928 7 sheets-Sheet 7 Patented May 9, 1933 UNET. SlTES PATE? FFHCE JOSEPH VAN ACKEBEN, OF OHARA TOWNSHIP, ALLEGI-IENY COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA, N ASSIGNOR TO THE KOPPERS COMPANY OF DELAWARE, .A OORORATION O'F DELA.-

NVARE Application led July 20, 1928. Serial No. 294,147.

My invention relates to coking retort ovens and particularly to combination coke ovens of the continuous vertical type.

An object of my invention is to provide an improved heating arrangement for continuous vertical coke ovens by means of which the relative temperatures ofthe upper and the lower portions of the coking chambers may be regulated, as desired.

A further object of my invention is toV nation of complicated flue briolrwork and intermediate horizontal brickwork.

In the operation of coking retort ovens and particularly of the continuous vertical type, it is extremely desirable that the regulation of the heating of the ovens be sufficiently flexible that a greater' amount of heat may be supplied to the upper portions of the ovens than to the lower portions, or that these conditions may be reversed.

It is customary in the operation of vertical coke ovens to generate, by introducing steam into the lower portion thereof, an amount of water O"as that is usually dependent upon the desir-ed B. t. u. value of the resultant mixture of coke-oven gas and water gas. The lower the permissible B. t. u. value, the greater' is the amount of water gas that is generated. v

It will be appreciated that, in coling coal in continuous vertical oven where little or no water gas is generated, it is desirable to supply less heat to the lower portions of the aching chambers relative to that supplied to the upper portions for the reason that less heat `is required to complete the coking operation. If, however, water gas is manufacturedin considerable quantities, the lower portions of the oven must receive an additional amount of heat to compensate for the losses caused by the generation of the water oas. c In an intermittent vertical oven, on the other hand, it is necessary to supply more heat to the lower than to the upper portion even when no water gas is generated because a greateramount of coal must be coked simultaneously with that in the upper portion. In case water gas is generated, the supply of heat must be correspondingly `increased.

It is desirable, in the operation of combination ovens, that the producer gas and the coke-oven gas be supplied to the same initial points of combustion in order that substantially similar conditions may obtain when#m usingthe respective fuels. This is particularly true with regard to the feature of all of the flame` flues being occupied at all times by hot gases either in the form of flames or of products of combustion, regardless of ther/5 type of fuel.

In accordance with the present invention, I provide heating walls that are connected to operate in pairs. Each heating wall is provided with two superposed groups or;V

series of vertical flame flues that are connected at their respective top and bottom portions by horizontal iues. y

Each pair of associated walls has two heating systems that are separate and inde-.

pendent from each other. One comprises the upper groups of flame lines of the two walls that are connected in series with each other and with regenerators that are substantially in extension of the same portion ofi the heating wall as is occupied by the llame fines. The second system comprises the lower groups of flame flues of the two wallsthat arc similarly connected for operation in series with each other and with regeneratorsY upon which the regencrators for the upper groups are superposed. The regenerators are connected in pairs to each end of each heating system. Y

By reason of the provision of separate and and substantial construction.

independent heating systems, the respective amounts of gas and air supp-lied to the top portions and the bottom portions of the heating walls may be regula-ted as desired at the inlets to the regenerators. Inasmuch as the saine regene 'ators are always connected to the same groups of flame fines, the heat balance of each heating system will be maintained since air and.; gas will always enter through regenerators that have been heated by waste gases traversing them in the opposite direction.

The total path kof the gases through the heating system is reduced to substantially half that of a system having high heating walls with continuous iiues since the path comprises approximately one-half the height vof each of two heating walls. Also7 approximately half of the total volume of the gases passes through each of the two heating systems. The friction losses will, therefore, be approximately one-fourtli the losses incident to a heating system in which all of the gases traverse a path that is double the length of that of the present arrangement. This construction enables the gases to travel at a comparatively low velocity since their volume has been reduced.

By reason of the facts that theV supeiposed vertical flame flues are entirely separate and independent of each other and the intermediate horizontal fines are of improved construction, the horizontal brickwork for separating them may be of simple fines may be square in cross-section. These f features materially simplify the construction of flanieflues. This arrangement very ma- A of the battery of coke ovens for the reason that many forms of special bricks'ai'e thus eliminated.

The regenerators that are connected tothe vrespective heating systems are in two superposed rowsalong one side of the battery and each row is in extension of the group of Haine fines to which it is connected. In the preferred form of my. invention, the tops of the upper regenerators are connected to the nppei' horizontal flues for connecting the uppervportions of tlienpper group of fiame flues.` The regenerators of the lower row are connected at their bottom portions to the bottom Vhorizontal flue. of the lower group er horizontal flues of the lower groups whereby theV regenerators of both systems operate in the same manner in that the cold air and fuel gas always enter et the bott-oms `of the regenerators and the hot waste gases always enter the regen-craters at their tops. The details of' my invention will be de-` section, talren on line H-H of Fig. 3

'nmns 3. an oven structure comprising outer walls fi The flame scribed in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a view in vertical section of a battery of continuous vertical coke ovens of the combination type constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in vertcal longitudinal of a portion of a coke-oven battery embodying my invention; Y n y Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on lineHI-HI of Fig. 2;

F 4 is a view partially in plan, indicated at A -r-"i, and partially in horizontal sections taken on lines B-B, (3e-(1. D-D, E-E,

F-F, G^`G and H-H of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3 of a modification;

Fig. 6 is a flow diagram of the heating systems of two adjacent walls of the pre-- ferred form of my invention; andV "Figl 7 is a similar diagram of the modification of Fig. 5. y

Referring particularly to Fig. l, a battery l of combination vertical col'iing retort ovens of the continuous type comprises a foundation 2 that is support-ed by a series of col Upon the'foundation 2 is mounted and 5 and an inner wall 6 that separates the 'regenerators from the remainder of the battery `structure. The battery is provided with the usual buchstays 7 for supporting the respective outer walls of the battery.

'Between the walls l and 6 are a. seri-es Aof vertical coking retorts or oven chambers 9, through one of which the sectional view is 'taken7 one of the heating walls 10 which alternate with the retorts 9 appearing vin this view with its various lines shown in dotted lines.

A superstructure 12 that is supported by framework 13 provides a support for a inevable charging car 14- that supplies coal magazines 15 for the several retort ovens 9. Each of the ovens 9 is provided with a gas offtalo i6 that is connected to a gas collectingmain 17. Producer gas or otherlean gas is supplied to the heating walls 10 of the battery through gas mains 19 that are each provid edV with suitable regulating valves 20. Two

waste gas mains 2l con duct waste gases fiom the regenerators to the stack.

' The vstructurey surrounding each of the retort'ovens 9 issupported'by a hollow metallic frame 23 that is suitably connected to the foundation. Suspended from the frame is a hollow casing 241 within which is located a power-driven coke-extractor mechanism 25. A coke magazine 2G is suspended from the casing 2li andy is arranged to discharge its contents Vinto a coke-receiving car 27 that operates beneath the battery.

Reference may now be had. to Figs. 2, 3 and ,Ain'wfhich the details of the heating walls CTI and the connections ot the flame flues and regenerators are illustrated. Each heating wall l() is provided with two superposed series of vertical flame flues 29 and 30, respectively.

The upper series of flame flues 29 of the heating wall shown in Fig. 3 are connected to two upper horizontal flues 3l thatare each Connected to one of a pair of regenerators 32 through sole channels 33 at the tops of the regenerators. The lower ends of the flame flues 29 are connected to a single lowerv horizontal flue 34, each end of the lower horizontal flue 34 extending into a cross-around flue 35 by means of which the flue 34 is connected to a. corresponding horizontal flue 84 in an adjacent heating wall 10.

rlhe lower series of flame flues 3() of' the heating wall l() shown in 3 is similarly connected to two lower horizontal flues 36, substantially the central portions of which are respectively connected by a. duct 37 to one of a pair of regenerators 38 through sole flues 39 Aat the bottoms of the regenerators. The

upper ends of the flame flues 30 are connected to a single upper horizontal ilue 40, each end of which extends into across-around flue 4l for connecting the horizontal flue 40 to a similar horizontal flue 40 in the adjacent wall.

Referring particularly to Fig. 2, it will be noted that the horizontal flues`34 and 40 oit the respective upper and lower groups of flame iiues are narrower than the corresponding flues and that the flues 29 and() are connected to the horizontal flues by pairs of horizontal ducts 43 and 44, respectively. This construction insures that hot gases traverse substantially the entire length of the heating wall and dead space is substantially eliminated. The bottle bricks of the flame lines extend to the horizontal bricliworlr. The structure is stronger than in the construction in which the bottle bricks extend only to the tops or the bottoms of the horizontal fines, as the case may be.

The foregoing system of connections provides an arrangement in which the heating walls are connected in pairs. 'The upper groups or series of flame flues of the pair of walls, together' with the pairs of regenerators connected thereto, constitute one heating system. Similarly, the lower groups or series of flame flues of the associated walls constitute a similar but entirely separate and independent system for he ating the lower portions of the adjacent coking chambers.

The regenerators 38 are arranged in a row along the side of the battery and they are in extension of substantially the same portion of the heating wall that is occupied by the lower group of flame fines. rlhe regenerators 32 are superposed on the regenerators 38 and they are substantially in extension of the portion of the heating wall that is occupied by the upper group of flame flues. Inasmuch as the adjacent portions of theselverall regenerators are always subject to substantially the same temperature conditions, it is not necessary to provide an expansion jointv between them. j

Referring particularly to Fig. 4, it will be noted that the battery comprises, by way of example, seven retort ovens 9, and eight heating walls l0, although this number may be varied as desired. The heating walls 10 are connected in pairs by means of the pairs of cross-around flues 35 and 41, the arrangement for each heating system being similar at the intermediate portions of the walls. The horizontal flues 31 are connected to the flame llues 29 by inclined ducts 45. The horizontal flues 36 are similarly connected to the lower flame lues by ducts 46.v

As shown in Figs 2 andB, the upper flame flues of the respective heating walls may be supplied with coke-oven gas and other rich gas through gas guns 47, which extend from the top of the battery through the bricliwork between the horizontal 'flues 3l intotheupper portions of the flame flues'29. The lower flame flues 8O are similarly provided with means for supplying rich gas by means of gas guns 48 that extend from the bottom of the battery through theV briclworlr` between the horizontal flues 36 into the lower portions ci the. llame fiues 80. The usual gas'mains (not shown) for rich gas are, in practice, connected to the several gas guns 47 and 48. The

lower guns 4S serve as inspection open-A ings for the lower flame flues '30. The upper flame flues 29 are provided Ywith'inspection openings 49. e

Referring to Fig. 4, the battery structure is provided with a series of expansion joints 50 that extend transversely of the battery through the walls 4, 5 and 6, between the adjacent regenerator units 'and into the oven chambers of the several coke ovens. By means of this construction, no combustible gasesl or waste gases are obliged to pass:

through the expansion `joints, except through the cross-around flues, and leakagev of the combustible gases and waste gases is, therefore, substantially entirely avoided; This arrangement is or' advantage, also, in that the expansion of each unit, which comprises a` system of regenerators and the corresponding ieating wall, may be conlinedto that unit and such expansion is not transmitted to any portion of an adjacent unit.

The operationv of the battery of vertical eoking retort ovens shown in Figs. l, 2, 3 and 4 will now be described with particular reference to the employment of lean gas as `a. fuel, the direction of' the gases being that uiagrammatically shown in Fic. 6.

lt may be assumed that the several oven chambers 9 are being supplied with coal from their respective magazines l5 and that the coal in the various oven chambers is in vari-` ous stages of coking corresponding to the distance it has travelled from the tops of the ovens, finished-coke lbeing removed by the coke extractors 25. i

Fuel gas such as producer gas 'is supplied from the gas mams 19 toA a regenerator 32 correspondingto the upper group of flame flues of one ,wallo't' each associated pair, as indicated by legends in Fig. 6. Air is supplied to the other regenerator of the pair and fuel gas and air are supplied through the corresponding horizontal fiues 3l and ducts l5 to each of the flame fines 29 for burning downwardly therein,- as indicated by the arrows- (Fig. Sliding bricks 5l regulate the relative amounts-of gas and air supplied to the several flame flues. l

The products of combustion .pass downwardly through the Vflame iues Y 29 and through the ports 43 into thelower horizontal Hue 34. The gases pass outwardly in both directions in the horizontal'flue 34 into the cross-around flues 85 and horizontal flue 34s of the adjacent wall, from which they are distributed tothe several flame flues 29 and then pass outwardly through the connected ducts and horizontal iues and regenerators 32 connected thereto, as indicated in the flow diagram. The waste gases are then conducted to the stack in the usual manner through the corresponding' waste gas main 2l. Y

In a similar manner, fuel gas and air are supplied to the lower group of Haine flues 30 through the regenerators 38 and ducts 37 to the lower horizontal fines 36 for distribution to the several flame flues 30 for burning upwardly therein. The connection of the regenerators to the mid-points of the horizontal flues 36 renders sliding bricks unnecessary. The products of combustion pass through the upper horizontal flue Ll0 and connected vcrossaround flues ll for distribution through the flame flues 30 of the connected wall and thence outwardly throughA the horizontal flues 36, horizontal ducts 37 and regenerators 38 to .the stack in the usual manner.

It will benoted that combustion occurs initially at the tops of the upper flame iues and at the bottoms of the lower flame ues of the wall in which combustion occurs and the gases pass in opposite directions toward the intermediate portion of the wall and then pass to the flame iiues of the connected wall. The gases then pass in opposite directions toward the upper and lower portions of the wall and outward to the stack.

This operation is periodically reversed in that air and gas are supplied to the regenerators of the heating Wall previously transmitting waste gases and waste gases are withdrawn through the regenerators that were previously cooled by the introduction of air and fuel gas. The regenerators are thus permanently connected to the groups of flame flues to which they either supply fuel gas and air or from which they are suppliedV with waste gases. The heat balance of the system is, therefore, maintained. The operation of one pair of heatingr walls whichv has been described above is typical of that of each pair of the battery.

It will be understood, also, that the various connections for the several pairs of heating walls arecontrolled simultaneously in order that uniform conditions may obtain throughout the battery. The connections of the -regenerators in each row is preferably that indicatedby the legends A, G and WG, Fic. el, in which a regenerator for transmitting air is always between regenerators for transmitting fuel gas and Vwaste gases, respectively, in order that there may be no leakage and resultant loss of fuel gas into the stack gases.

llVhen it is desired to use rich gas, such, for example, as coke-oven gas, it is supplied to the several flame flues through the respective gas guns 47 and 4-8 while each of the inflow regenerators transmit airthrough the connected horizontal tlues 3l and 36 to the Vsame initial points of'combustion as in the case of producer gas. The direction of flow of products of combustion is identical with that described in connection with lean gas. Accordingly, Aall of the llame flues are at all times traversed by hot gases regardless of whether rich gas or lean gas is vemployed as a fuel.

The operation of the regenerators 32 just described is not the normal method but the regenerators are so narrow in cross-section that the distribution of the gases traversing them is not a problem, as is the case when large regenerators are employed.

Reference may now be had to the modification shown in 5 and diagrammatically in 7, in which similar reference numerals are employed to designate like parts. In the modification, the system of connections is ysimilar to vthat previously described. jIn the modification, however, the connections of the lower regenerators 52 are connected at their top portions te the lower horizontal lines 36 by means of a vertical duct 53.

Y This a 1rangement enables the lower regenera-tors 52 to operate in a normal manner in that the cold and air, as the case may be, always enter the regenerator at the bottom through a sole flue 5l and hotgases always enter the regenerators at the top -portion'. The operation otherv-Jise Vis identical with that described in connection with the structure shown in Figs. l to Lland G.

In the modified construction, there is, however, a variation in temperature conditions between the adjacent portions of thc upper and the lower regenerr tors by reason of the fact that the lower regenerators 52 are always traversed at their top portion by gases of considerably higher temperatures than those traversing the lower portion of the upper regenerators 32. Accordingly, it is necessary .to provide an expansion joint 55 extending horizontally between the rows ,of the regenerators to provide for the relative expansions of the adjacent walls. Y The eX- pansion joints 55 are filled with rock wool which permits relative movements of the `sides of theV joint but elfectually prevents in Vorder to take care of various operating vconditions, such, for example, as the manufacture of' water gas. V

The initial points of combustion are provided at the tops of' the upper flame flues which should normally be at a higher temperature than theremaining portion of the upper flame. flues since this portion of the wall first vcomes in cont-act with the relatively cold coal. Also, the initial points of combustion in the lowerl portion of the wall occur at the bottom of the wall and any variation in the heating of' the lower portion would be a decreasetoward the intermediate portion. Any variation in the heating of the upper portion of the wall wouldalso be a decrease toward t-he intermediate portion of the wall. This condition is desirable as the intermediate portion should not receive more heat than the end portions and usually should receive less heat.. j n Y In the arrangement provided herein, the flames of combustion are entirely withinithe flame flues and passageways for connecting them to the flame flues of' the associated wall.

There is, accordingly, no difficulty attending their distribution throughout various portions or" the heating system. v

The heating walls of the battery of my invention have substantially no 4dead space' be apparent to `those skilled in the construe-f tion and operation of coking retort ovens My invention -may be. variously modified and its scope is not limited to the embodiment shown and described herein except as eX- pressed in the claims.

I claim as my invention:

l. AV coking retort oven battery comprising a series of alternate cokmg chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side,-

each of said heating walls being provided with two superposed series lof 'flame flues, pairsl of regenerators communicating with each series of Hamellues respectively at 0ne, of'their ends, and means for communicably connecting each series of flame flues -at their other ends to a series of an adjacent one of said walls. Y

2. A coking retort oven battery comprising two horizontally spaced co-operating" heating walls, each of which is provided with two superposed series of vertical flame flues and horizontal llues for communieably connecting the end portions ofthe flues in each4 series, cross-around llues for communicably'V connecting the adjacentor inner horizontal llues of'each wall to the corresponding horizontal flue Vof the other wall and a regenerator communicating with each of the other horizontal llues in each of said walls.

3. A cokingretort oven battery comprising 'two horizontally spaced co-operatng heatingwalls, each of which isprovided with two superposed series of vertical flame flues and horizontal flues communicating with the end portions of the 4lines vin each series, crossaround flues for 'communicably connecting the lower horizontal flues of the upper series of flame flues of said walls and for communicablyfconnecting the upper horizontalflues of the lower series of flame flues of said walls and regenerators communicating withthe otherk horizontal flues, the regenerators for each series being vin pairs and disposed in, alinement with the heating walls containing that series of flame flues. Y I Y 4. A coking retort oven battery comprising two horizontally spaced col-operating heating walls, each of which is provided with two superposed series of vertical llame flues and horizontal flues for communicably connectingthe end portions of the flues in each series, cross-around flues for communicably connecting the lowerhorizontal flues of the upper' series of flame llues `ol" said walls and y for communicably connecting the upper horizontal flues of the lower series of llame flues of said walls and regenerators communicating with the other horizontal flues, the regen-iV erators for the respective V series of each wall being in pairs superposed in alinement with the heating wall containing the .corresponding series. l

5. A- coling retort oven'battery compris-` ing two horizontally spaced heating walls, the I wall being provided with separate groups of llame flues, means for connecting the upper groupsof flame flues of said walls for operation in series and for connecting thelower groups of flame lines for similar operation, and separate means vfor supplying combusthe same wall. c f

upper and thelower portions of each e v upper groups of llame flues of said wallsior operation in series and for connecting the lower groups of llame lues for similar operation, and means for supplying combus- 'tible gases to the respective series of groups of flame flues at the top of the upper group and the bottom of the lower group in one o' -j said walls.

7. A colring retort oven battery comprisingrtwo heating walls .each provided with ,two superposed groups of vertical flame vflues and two pairs of superposed regenera- -tors, means for connecting the upper groups of said walls in series and means for connecting the lower groups of said walls in series, each pair of regenerators being com- Vmunicably connected to one of said groups of flame flues and being disposedV substantially in horizontal alinement with the group to which they aie connected.

8. A battery of verticall coking retortv ovens comprising a series of oven chambers and heatingwalls therefor arranged side by side, cach of said walls having two superposed groups of vertical flame flues, a series of regenerators along one side of the battery substantially in horizontal alineinent with and communicating with the lower groups of flame flues, and a superposed series of regenerators having the same relation to the lupper groups of llame lues.

9. A battery of vertical coking retort ovens comprising a series of oven chambeis and heating walls therefor arranged side by side, each of said walls having two super- ,y posed groups of flame flues, means for connecting each group of flues in aseries with A a group of flues of another of said walls, a

series of regenerators along one side of the battery substantially in` horizontal alinement with the lower groups of Haine flues, a

superposed series of regenerators having the same relation to the upper groups of flame flues, and Ymeans for communicably connect- 'ing the top portions of the upper series of regenerators to the upper groups of flame llues and portions of the lower series of retical flame flues, means for connecting each generators to the lower groups of llame flues. 10. A battery of vertical coking` retort ovens comprising a series of oven chambers and heating .walls therefor, each of saidV walls having two superposed groups of vergroup of flues in series with a group of flues of another of said walls, a series of regen-v erators along one side of the battery sub- .Y Stantially in horizontal alinement with the c lower groups of flame iues,'a superposed se-Y ries of regenerators Ahaving the same relation to the upper groups of flame flues, and means,

-for communicably connecting the top. 'portions of the upper series Voir` regenerators to the upper group of llame flues and portions of the'lower series of regenerators to the ries of regenerators respectively in alinement with approximately the Lipper and theV`V lower half of the adjacent heating walland means for communicably connecting one end of each regenerator to a corresponding portion of a group of lines.

12. A battery of vertical coliing retortv ovens comprising a series of alternate .oven chambers and heating walls therefor' varranged side by side, each of said walls having two groups of vertical flame flues in su pei-posed relation, two superposed series of regenerators respectively in alinement with approximately the upperand the lower half of the adjacent heating wall and means comprising substantially horizontal ducts for connnunicably connecting one end of each regenerator to one of said groups of flame flues.

13. A coling retort oven battery comprising two heating systems each of which consists of two groups of llame fines connected in series, the connecting means for said fgroups comprisinga lue for communicably connecting the corresponding end portions of the flame lflues of each group and a passageway communicating withv a connecting flue of each group and a corresponding flue of the other group inthe system, and regenerators communicating with each of the Yother connecting flues of the several groups,

yprovided with two superposed-'groups of llame lines, means for connecting each group of lues ofsaid walls inseries with a group of flues of another of said walls, meanscomprising regenerators permanently in series with the lower group of llame flu'esfor transmitting combustion media thereto or transmitting waste gases 'therefrom according to the direction of flow through said flame flues, and means-'comprising other regenerators superposed on. the regeneratorsfor the lower group and' permanentlyiu series .with flame flues of the'upper group for similarly but independently transmitting combustion media to or waste gases from upper group.

15. A battery of vertical coking retort ovens comprising heating walls arranged in co-operating pairs, cach of said walls being provided with two superposed groups of flame flues, means for connecting the upper groups of a pair of walls in series and means tor similarly connecting the lower groups of said pair of walls, means comprising regenerators permanently in series with the lower groups of flame flues for transmitting combustion media thereto or transmitting waste gases therefrom according to the direction cf flow through said `llame lues, and means comprising other regenerators superposed on the regenerators for the lower groups and permanently in series with flame fiues of the upper groups for similarly but independently transmitting combustion media to or waste gases from said upper groups.

1G. A vertical coking retort oven battery comprising two horizontally spaced heating walls each of which is provided with two superposed groups of vertical llame flues and horizontal brickworlr in each of the heating walls between the upper and lower groups of i'lamc flues therein, horizontal flues in said bricliwork and respectively communicably connected to the flame flues of the upper and the lower groups, cross-around flues'for communicably connecting the corresponding horizontal flues of the two walls and thereby connecting the upper groups in series and similarly connecting the lower groups,and separate means for supplying combustible gases to each of said series of groups of flame flues.

17. A vertical. coling retort over battery comprising two horizontally spaced heating Valls each of which is provided with two super-posed groups of vertical flame flues and horizontal briclwork in each of the heating walls between the upper and lower groups of flame llues therein, horizontal flues in said briclwork and respectively communicably connected to the llame flues of the upper and the lower groups, cross-around flues for connecting the corresponding horizontal iues of the two walls in series and thereby connecting the upper groups in series land similarly connecting the lower groups, and separate means for supplying combustion media to each of the series of groups of flame lues, said supplying means comprising regenerators arranged in superposed rows and perinanently communicably connected to the respective series of groups.

18. A vertical coking retort oven battery comprising two horizontally spaced heating walls, the upper and the lower portions of each wall being provided with separate groups of vertical flame flues, means for connecting the upper groups of flame lues f of said walls for operation in series and for connecting the lower groups of flame lues for similar operation and means for supplying combustible gases to the respective series of groups of flame flues at the top vof the upper group and the bottom of the lower group in one of said walls, said supplying means comprising air regenerators and fuel gas regenerators for said groups of flame flues.

19. A vertical coking retort oven battery comprising two horizontally spaced heating walls, the upper and the lower portions of each wall being vprovided with separate groups of vertical flame llues, means for connecting the upper groups ofv flame flues of said walls for operation-in series and for connecting the lower groups of flame llues for similar operation and means for supplying combustible gases to the respective series of groups of flame flues at the top of the upper group and the bottom of the lower group in one of said walls, said supplying means comprising air regenerators and passageways for supplying coke-oven gas or other rich gas to each of said groups.

20. A vertical coking retort oven battery comprising two horizontally spaced heating walls, the upper and the lower portions of each wall being provided with separate groups of vertical flame flues, means for connecting the upper groups of llame flues of y JOSEPH VAN ACKEREN. 

